Tomcat怎么安装

Tomcat简介

Tomcat(Apache Tomcat,简称TC)是一个开源的Web应用服务器，它是Java Servlet和JavaServer Pages(JSP)技术的实现者，实现了对Servlet和JSP的支持，并提供了作为Web服务器的一些特性，如处理HTML文件，Tomcat采用MVC设计模式，可以处理动态网页，是一种非常流行的Web服务器软件。

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安装前的准备工作

在安装Tomcat之前，需要确保已经安装了以下软件：

1、Java Development Kit(JDK):Tomcat是基于Java开发的，因此需要先安装JDK，建议安装JDK 8或更高版本。

2、Apache Maven:Maven是一个项目管理工具，可以帮助我们管理项目的依赖和构建过程，虽然不是必须的，但建议安装。

3、MySQL数据库：Tomcat需要一个数据库来存储配置信息和会话数据，推荐使用MySQL数据库。

安装步骤

以Windows系统为例，介绍如何安装Tomcat。

1、下载Tomcat安装包

访问Tomcat官网(https://tomcat.apache.org/),选择合适的版本进行下载，下载完成后，解压缩到一个目录中，C:tomcat。

2、配置环境变量

为了方便使用Tomcat命令行工具，需要配置环境变量，按照以下步骤操作：

在“计算机”->“属性”->“高级系统设置”->“环境变量”中，新建一个名为“CATALINA_HOME”的系统变量，值设置为Tomcat解压后的目录，C:tomcat。

在“计算机”->“属性”->“高级系统设置”->“环境变量”中，找到“Path”变量，点击“编辑”，在变量值的最后添加“；%CATALINA_HOME%bin”。

3、安装MySQL数据库

访问MySQL官网(https://www.mysql.com/),下载合适的版本进行安装，安装完成后，启动MySQL服务。

4、修改MySQL配置文件

打开MySQL安装目录下的my.ini文件，找到[mysqld]部分，添加以下内容：

skip-networking=false
bind-address=127.0.0.1

保存文件并重启MySQL服务。

5、创建数据库和用户

登录MySQL,执行以下命令创建一个名为“tomcat”的数据库，并授权给一个用户：

CREATE DATABASE tomcat;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON tomcat.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_password'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

6、下载并解压Tomcat安装包中的“webapps”文件夹到Tomcat的“webapps”目录下，这个文件夹包含了一些示例应用程序，可以直接运行，如果需要部署自己的应用程序，可以将应用程序打包成WAR文件，然后将其放到“webapps”目录下。

7、启动Tomcat

打开命令提示符，切换到Tomcat的“bin”目录下，执行以下命令启动Tomcat:

startup.bat

如果看到类似如下的输出，表示Tomcat已成功启动：

Using CATALINA_BASE: C:tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: C:tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: C:Usersyour_usernameAppDataLocalTemptomcat9440204002963843286web1144093561099186tmpdir
Using JRE_HOME: C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_281jre
Starting Tomcat v9.0.50 on Windows NT (6.1.7601) version 10.0.1776. SP1 (Build 14393: KB4557265) with patch H28D8A06 for Windows XP Service Pack 3 (http://tomcat.apache.org/whichversion.html). Web application deployed as "/" using DefaultWebApplicationDescriptor provided by Tomcat at "C:tomcatconfweb.xml" with context root "/". Tomcat initialized with base URL '' and dynamic resource manager '' in APR/Native mode. The server default host is "localhost", and the server IP address is "127.0.0.1". The server is running in the UNIX domain [127.0.0.1]. The server was started at 23/03/2022 15:56:58 GMT by "root" with admin privileges via command line interface. Server version: Apache Tomcat/9.0.50 (Win64). Server built: Jun 29 2020 18:54 UTC, 2 months ago. Server number: 1 (based on list of configured servers with server().info()). Undertow HTTP/1.1 server [id=default-server]: Undertow configured for a throughput rate of 2048 requests/second(tps) and a maximum of 512 thread workers. Main buffer size is not configured explicitly;默认buffer size is defined dynamically. Using native worker implementation. Access log files are stored in "logs" directory. Default access log formats are "common" and "combined" including date/time information and tracking ID if available. Access log path is "logs" directory under "work" directory (current value is "C:tomcatlogs"). Using custom protocol to listen on port [::]:8080 instead of the default ["http"]. A request received on main thread [id=main, queue=main-event-queue] (http/1.1 [::1]) for first attempt to serve response for [/]. The request sent successfully back to the client browser, fulfilling the request of getting the information on this website. This will be the initial response sent to any GET requests made by the browser after this point in time (if any). The web application loaded within one second was [file:///C:/Users/your_username/Downloads/ROOT-INF/classes/org/apache/catalina/core/StandardContext.__context__], located at URL [http://localhost:8080/ROOT-INF/classes/org/apache/catalina/core/StandardContext.__context__]. Tomcat detected an additional resource blocking configuration '/ROOT-INF' which must be added to the list of resources allowed for protection against Cross Site Scripting attacks (see http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/config/valves.htmlXMLValve). Tomcat encountered an error processing your request while trying to serve static content from the following location(s): [file:///C:/Users/your_username/Downloads/ROOT-INF/classes/org/apache/catalina/core/StandardContext.__context__]. An exception was thrown (Access Denied): org.apache.jasper.JasperException: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: StandardContext XML declaration missing or malformed at line 36 in file: C:Usersyour_usernameDownloadsROOT-INFclassesorgapachecatalinacoreStandardContext.__context__ Line36 column95 Start tag open seen at column95 but not closed at line36 Unmatched end tag "". Total time taken for initialization is 3 seconds (JVM running for 7 seconds). Time taken for shutdown is 0 seconds (JVM shutting down). Any help would be greatly appreciated! Thank you very much!

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