MySQL XA(两阶段提交)是一种分布式事务协议,用于确保多个数据库在执行事务时的数据一致性,在本文中,我们将介绍如何在MySQL中配置XA,并实现一个简单的示例。
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1、安装MySQL XA插件
我们需要在MySQL服务器上安装XA插件,以下是在不同操作系统上安装XA插件的方法:
在Ubuntu或Debian系统上,可以使用以下命令安装:
sudo aptget install libmysqlxadev
在CentOS或RHEL系统上,可以使用以下命令安装:
sudo yum install mysqlcommunitylibs
2、创建XA事务表
接下来,我们需要创建一个用于存储XA事务信息的表,以下是创建XA事务表的SQL语句:
CREATE TABLExa_transaction
(id
int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,gid
varchar(128) NOT NULL,data
longblob NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (id
), UNIQUE KEYux_gid
(gid
) ) ENGINE=InnoDB;
3、启用XA支持
在MySQL配置文件(my.cnf或my.ini)中,添加以下内容以启用XA支持:
[mysqld] defaultstorageengine=InnoDB innodb_support_xa=1 innodb_enable_local_infile=1
然后重启MySQL服务以使更改生效。
4、编写XA应用程序
现在我们可以编写一个简单的XA应用程序来演示如何使用XA,以下是一个简单的Java程序,使用JDBC连接到两个MySQL服务器并执行一个XA事务:
import java.sql.*; import javax.sql.XAConnection; import javax.sql.XADataSource; import javax.sql.XAException; import javax.sql.XAResource; import javax.naming.Context; import javax.naming.InitialContext; import javax.naming.NamingException; public class XAExample { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // 获取数据源 Context initContext = new InitialContext(); Context envContext = (Context) initContext.lookup("java:/comp/env"); XADataSource ds = (XADataSource) envContext.lookup("jdbc/MysqlXADataSource"); Connection conn1 = ds.getConnection(); Connection conn2 = ds.getConnection(); conn1.setAutoCommit(false); conn2.setAutoCommit(false); XAConnection xac1 = conn1.unwrap(XAConnection.class); XAConnection xac2 = conn2.unwrap(XAConnection.class); xac1.start(); xac2.start(); int transactionId = xac1.getTransaction().getTransactionIdentifier(); System.out.println("Transaction ID: " + transactionId); Statement stmt1 = conn1.createStatement(); Statement stmt2 = conn2.createStatement(); stmt1.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO test_table (id, name) VALUES (1, 'test')"); stmt2.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO test_table (id, name) VALUES (2, 'test')"); xac1.commit(); // 提交事务,如果发生异常,则回滚事务并抛出异常 xac2.commit(); // 提交事务,如果发生异常,则回滚事务并抛出异常 conn1.close(); conn2.close(); } }
5、运行XA应用程序
要运行此示例,您需要将MySQL服务器配置为支持XA事务,以下是如何配置MySQL服务器的步骤:
在第一个MySQL服务器上,创建一个用于存储XA事务日志的文件:
touch /var/lib/mysql/localhostrecoverylocal.ibd && chown R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/localhostrecoverylocal.ibd && chmod R 700 /var/lib/mysql/localhostrecoverylocal.ibd && echo "SET GLOBAL innodb_undo_directory='/var/lib/mysql/'" >> /etc/mysql/my.cnf && echo "SET GLOBAL innodb_undo_logs=1" >> /etc/mysql/my.cnf && echo "SET GLOBAL innodb_undo_tablespaces='localhostrecoverylocal'" >> /etc/mysql/my.cnf && service mysql restart && echo "FLUSH PRIVILEGES" | mysql u root proot skippassword && echo "GRANT REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'" >> /etc/mysql/my.cnf && echo "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'" >> /etc/mysql/my.cnf && echo "FLUSH PRIVILEGES" | mysql u root proot skippassword && bin/mysqld_safe user=mysql & bin/mysqld_safe user=mysql & sleep 60 && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_remote';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_xa';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_openssl';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_federated';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_blackhole';" && bin/mysql u rootprootskippasswordexecute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_mroonga';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_ndbcluster';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_spider';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_binlog';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_archive';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_partition';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_rowbased';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_example';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_bookmark';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_secondary';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_proxy';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_ticket';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_temptable';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ha_recovery';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'binlog';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'blackhole';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'mroonga';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'ndbcluster';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'spider';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'binlog';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL SONAME 'archive';" && bin/mysql u root proot skippassword execute="INSTALL
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